The Role of Training Need Analysis and Training Effectiveness in Enhancing Employee Performance Through Innovation
A Case Study of an Industrial Maintenance and Workshop Services Company Located in Cilegon
DOI:
10.47353/ecbis.v4i6.509Published:
2026-08-14Downloads
Abstract
In an era of increasingly intense industrial competition, companies are required to enhance their competitiveness through effective human resource development, particularly through needs-based training programs. Training Need Analysis (TNA) is a crucial stage in ensuring that training programs align with employees’ competency requirements, thereby improving innovation and performance. This study aims to analyze the influence of Training Need Analysis and training effectiveness, as well as their impact on innovation and employee performance at one an industrial maintenance and workshop services company located in Cilegon. This research employs a quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that Training Need Analysis and training effectiveness have a positive and significant effect on innovation and employee performance. These findings confirm that the proper implementation of TNA can improve training quality, foster innovation, and enhance employee performance as well as the company’s competitiveness, Partial mediation Innovations in the effect of training need analysis on employee performance, and on the effectiveness of employee performance experience the same partial mediation, with different values
Keywords:
Training Need Analysis Training Effectiveness Innovation Employee Performance PLS-SEMReferences
Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of Training and Development for Individuals and Teams, Organizations, and Society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60(1), 451–474. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163505
Aini, Z., Sanisah, S., & Marlina, M. (2024). Inovasi dalam Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Karyawan serta Memperkuat Fondasi Manajemen SDM Unggul di Era Globalisasi. Jurnal Integrasi Ilmu Sosial Dan Politik, 1(3), 142–151. https://doi.org/10.62383/sosial.v1i3.431
Amaya, N., Bernal-Torres, C. A., Nicolás-Rojas, Y. W., & Pando-Ezcurra, T. T. (2022). Role of internal resources on the competitive advantage building in a knowledge-intensive organisation in an emerging market. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 54(5), 1153–1169. https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-01-2022-0029
Anataya, A., Haeruddin, M. I. M., Abadi, R. R., Kurniawan, A. W., & Natsir, U. D. (2026). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Motivasi Karyawan PT Vale Area MEM. Kompeten: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 5(1), 1914–1927. https://doi.org/10.57141/kompeten.v5i1.278
Anggadha, T. F., & Atmaja, H. E. (2023). Analisis Efektivitas Pelatihan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi pada Karyawan PT Diamondfit Garment Indonesia). Journal of Management and Creative Business (JMCBUS), 1(2).
Arogundade, L., Akinwumi, T., Molemodile, S., Nwaononiwu, E., Ezika, J., Yau, I., & Wonodi, C. (2019). Lessons from a training needs assessment to strengthen the capacity of routine immunization service providers in Nigeria. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 664. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4514-2
Badarani, P., Mukhsin, M., & Imron, A. (2025). The Effect of Organizational Culture on Organizational Performance at Statistics Indonesia (BPS) in Banten Province: Analysis of the Mediating Role of Employee Engagement and Moderation of Self-Efficacy. Journal of Economics, Finance And Management Studies, 08(06). https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v8-i6-53
Bahiroh Ali, E. I. (2024). Innovative Human Resource Management Strategies in the Era of Digital Transformation. Management Studies and Business Journal (PRODUCTIVITY), 1(2), 154–162. https://journal.ppipbr.com/index.php/productivity/article/view/59/55
Balouei Jamkhaneh, H., Shahin, A., Parkouhi, S. V., & Shahin, R. (2021). The new concept of quality in the digital era: a human resource empowerment perspective. The TQM Journal, 34(1), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-01-2021-0030
Barney, J. B., Ketchen, D. J., & Wright, M. (2021). Resource-Based Theory and the Value Creation Framework. Journal of Management, 47(7), 1936–1955. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211021655
Chatterjee, S., Chaudhuri, R., Vrontis, D., & Thrassou, A. (2025). Revisiting the resource-based view (RBV) theory: from cross-functional capabilities perspective in post COVID-19 period. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 33(6), 822–837. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2023.2182447
Dahlan, M., & Sahrah, A. (2023). Efektifitas Pelatihan Self Leadership untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Inovatif Karyawan JMC IT Consultant Yogyakarta. Jurnal Psikologi, 19(1), 16–22.
Dewi, N. K., & Wibawa, I. M. A. (2022). Pengaruh Inovasi dan Employee Creativity terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Industri Percetakan di Kabupaten Tabanan. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 11(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2021.v11.i01.p01
E. Anisa Safa’at Derajat Syah , Fauji Sanusi, A. I. (2026). The Effect of Work Motivation and Soft Skill Training on Employee Performance through Competence. Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS), 4(2), 395–410. https://doi.org/10.47353/ecbis.v4i2.292
Elshifa, A., Irfana, T. B., Hardianty, S., Yakin, I., & Yusup, M. (2024). Training and Human Resource Development Methods and Effectiveness. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 12(6), 2709–2718. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v12i6.2996
Ganeva, I., & Pusparini, E. S. (2024). Kreativitas dan Inovasi Pegawai: Pengaruh Leadership Style, Public Service Motivation dan Peran Mediasi Psychological Empowerment. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Organisasi, 15(4), 436–454. https://doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v15i4.58534
Gazi, M. A. I., Masud, A. Al, Kaium, M. A., Amin, M. Bin, Mahmud, P., Senathirajah, A. R. bin S., & Abdullah, M. (2025). Unraveling employee life satisfaction: exploring the impact of psychological contract breach, self-efficacy, mental health, and abusive supervision, with work engagement and job satisfaction as mediators. Cogent Psychology, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2025.2455783
Handayani, S., Lestari, K. S., & Amanda, C. G. (2025). Efektivitas Program Pelatihan dan Disiplin terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Visionida, 11(1). https://ojs.unida.ac.id/Jvs,
Harahap, S., & Tirtayasa, S. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) Kantor Cabang Kualanamu. Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 3.
Harahap, S. W., & Aisyah, S. (2024). PENTINGNYA TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS (TNA) UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SDM YANG EFEKTIF (Studi Kasus Pada PT Kawasan Industri Nusantara Sei Mangkei). Bisnis-Net Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 7(2), 647–653. https://doi.org/10.46576/bn.v7i2.5064
Heriyanto, M., Febrian, A. F., Andini, F. K., Handoko, T., & Suryana, D. (2021). Antecedents of Sustainable Competitive Advantages: A Case Study of Palm Oil Industries in Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(2), 911–921. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no2.0911
Imron, A., Arif, R., Gifari, D., Aritonang, D. P., & Harun, A. Bin. (2024). The role of hris in efficiency and effectiveness towards green business. EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan), 8(4), 671–686. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2024.v8.i4.6821
Indrajita, I. K., Sadiartha, G., & Mahayasa, I. G. A. (2021). Pengaruh Kreativitas dan Inovasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Tohpati Grafika Utama Denpasar. Jurnal Widya Amrita, Jurnal Manajemen, Kewirausahaan Dan Pariwisata, 1(1), 1–13.
Khemraj, S., Yih Wu, W., & Chi, H. (2023). Enhancing Competitive Advantage through Learning Capabilities and Innovative Human Resource Management. Intersecta Minds Journal, 2(1 SE-Original Research Articles), 28–44. https://so13.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/IMJ/article/view/581
Kura, S. M., & Kaur, S. (2021). Effect of Training Needs Assessment on Employee Performance: A Review Perspective. Supreet Kaur 3389 Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI), 12(7), 3389–3398.
Lestari, D. F., Sanusi, F., & Imron, A. (2025). The Influence of Workload on Employee Performance Mediated and Moderated by Digital Communication (A Case Study at A Flour Mill in The Cilegon Area). Advances In Social Humanities Research, 3(9). https://doi.org/10.46799/adv.v3i9.488
Libani, R., Handayani, S., & Veronica, M. (2022). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Motivasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Golden Blossom Sumatra. Jurnal Nasional Manajemen Pemasaran & Sumber Daya Manusia, 3(3), 7257.
Liyana Hussin, N., Huda Nazar, N., Muhamad, N., Mohd Esa, M., & Miskan, N. H. (2023). The Influence of Training Needs Assessment, Training Delivery Style and Training Evaluation To Employees ProductivityAmong Private Sector Staff. Journal of Business Innovation, 8(1), 78–87.
Markaki, A., Malhotra, S., Billings, R., & Theus, L. (2021). Training needs assessment: tool utilization and global impact. BMC Medical Education, 21(1), 310. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02748-y
Mehendra, R. A., Imron, A., Harun, A. Bin, & Hilaldi, D. (2026). Role of HR Planning in Developing Employees to Improve Company Performance. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara (JUAN), 14(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.31629/juan.v14i1.8225
Miranda, F. M. de, Santos, B. V. dos, Kristman, V. L., & Mininel, V. A. (2025). Employing Kirkpatrick’s framework to evaluate nurse training: an integrative review. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 33(e4431.). https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.7250.4431
Nayak, B., Bhattacharyya, S. S., & Krishnamoorthy, B. (2022). Integrating the dialectic perspectives of resource-based view and industrial organization theory for competitive advantage – a review and research agenda. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 38(3), 656–679. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-06-2021-0306
Nguyen, D.-T., & Dao, T. K. (2023). The Mediating Role of Innovation in The Relationship between High-Performance Human Resource Management Practices and Firm Performance. Heliyon, 9(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22720
Pradita, A., Sofian, Laembo, S., & Mokodompit, E. A. (2025). Pentingnya Training Needs Analysis (TNA) Untuk Perkembangan Sdm Yang Efektif: Literatur Review. Jurnal Mirai Management, 10(1), 2025–2252.
Purwati, A. A., Irman, M., Siddik, M., Hamzah, M. L., Selvi, & Mery, S. (2026). Digital Heritage Ecosphere: Empowering local-wisdom MSMEs for sustainable competitive advantage. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 13, 102624. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2026.102624
Putri, N. C., & Hermana, C. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Training Need Analyst Dalam Mencapai Goals Setting Performance Sebagai Strategi Pengembangan Kinerja Karyawan: Studi Kasus PT Pilihanmu Indonesia Jaya. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(2), 2267–2275. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/563
Redondo, S. C., & Enciso, R. E. (2024). Training needs analysis (TNA) using Phiippine professional standards for senior high school teachers basic education department-Asinan. Institutional Multidisciplinary Research and Development Journal, 5(june), 17–18.
Robert, N., & Mori, N. (2024). Effects of training needs assessment in enhancing employees’ skills and firm performance. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 17(1), 82–98. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWAM-05-2023-0046
Shabrina, A., Prahiawan, W., Imron, A., & Hilaldi, D. (2025). Effect of Job Training and Work Competency on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable. Journal of Business Management and Economic Development, 3(03), 859–872. https://doi.org/10.59653/jbmed.v3i03.1822
Thi, U. N., Van, M. H., Mahmud, I., & Thuy, L. V. T. (2023). Innovation and the Sustainable Competitive Advantage of Young Firms: A Strategy Implementation Approach. Sustainability, 15(13), 10555. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310555
Trisnawati, N. A. (2024). Pengaruh Kreativitas dan Inovasi terhadap Kinerja UMKM Kuliner di Kabupaten. Journal of Sociall Science Research, 4(2).
Wendry, B., Nimran, U., Utami, H. N., & Afrianty, T. W. (2023). The role of good corporate governance in mediating the effect of planning, coordination, supervision, and organizational culture on firm performance and firm sustainability. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25(3), 2509–2521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02125-9
Yesicha Dauri, Y. D., Nur Hafidza Fitri, & Theresya Margareta. (2024). TRAINING NEED ANALYSIS (TNA) BAGI KARYAWAN PT. SL. Jurnal Ilmiah Zona Psikologi, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.37776/jizp.v6i3.1450
Yimam, M. H. (2022). Impact of training on employees performance: A case study of Bahir Dar university, Ethiopia. Cogent Education, 9(1), 2107301. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2107301
Zafar, T. S., & Riswanto, A. (2023). The Effectiveness of Training in Efforts to Improve Employee Performance. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 7(2), 4021–4028.
Zhang, Y. (2022). Fostering Enterprise Performance Through Employee Brand Engagement and Knowledge Sharing Culture: Mediating Role of Innovative Capability. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921237
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Arsy Azavi Basya , Fauji Sanusi, Ali Imron
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Downloads
How to Cite
