Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): May
Open Access
Peer Reviewed

Competitive Saturation in Makassar’s Coffee Shop Industry: A Phenomenological Inquiry Into Business Actors’ Experiences

Authors

Muh Al Fatah Arief Putra , Andi Aryani Hardiyanti , Tuti Adi Tama , Risnawati

DOI:

10.47353/ecbis.v4i4.343

Published:

2026-05-09

Downloads

Abstract

This study examines the rapid expansion of the coffee shop industry in Makassar City as a phenomenon that creates not only economic opportunities but also increasing competitive saturation. As coffee shops in Makassar have developed beyond places of beverage consumption into urban social spaces linked to lifestyle, sociability, symbolic visibility, and identity formation, competition has become denser and more complex. The study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of how coffee shop owners and managers experience, interpret, and respond to this increasingly crowded market. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, the research employed in-depth semi-structured interviews with business actors involved in strategic and operational decision-making, supported by contextual observation and business-related documents. The findings reveal five main themes: market growth is experienced as both opportunity and pressure; similarity among coffee shops increases vulnerability and reduces perceived distinctiveness; entrepreneurs rely on continuous adaptation rather than fixed strategies; business sustainability is understood as stability, relevance, and survival rather than expansion alone; and competition is shaped not only by product and price, but also by ambience, visibility, symbolic value, and lifestyle alignment.

Keywords:

business actors' experiences business sustainability coffee shop industry competitive saturation Makassar City

References

Alhazmi, A. A., & Kaufmann, A. (2022). Phenomenological Qualitative Methods Applied to the Analysis of Cross-Cultural Experience in Novel Educational Social Contexts. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.785134

Ardekani, S, R. (2016). The Spatiality of Specialty Coffee Bars and the Cognitive-Cultural Economy in Amsterdam. Cogent Social Sciences, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2016.1144232

Ardekani, S R., & Rath, J. (2020). Coffee People in Tehran, Glasgow and Amsterdam. Journal of Consumer Culture, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1469540517736557

Aslam, A. P., Parawansa, D. A. S., & Putra, M. A. F. A. (2023). Green Marketing Campaign and Loyalty Customer: A study from Starbucks Makassar Customers. Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS), 1(4), 339–348. https://doi.org/10.47353/ecbis.v1i4.40

Azmi, M., Ikram M, M., & Huzaen, C. M. Z. (2025). Enhancing Competitiveness through Strategic Analysis in the Makassar Coffee Shop Industry. RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i4.3531

Bingham, A. J. (2023). From Data Management to Actionable Findings: A Five-Phase Process of Qualitative Data Analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231183620

Butt, M. N., & Baig, A. S. (2024). Assessing the Firm-Level Financial Consequences of Clustering. Journal of Business Research, 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114653

Chan Kim, W., & Mauborgne, R. (2018). What is Blue Ocean Strategy | About Blue Ocean Strategy. Blueoceanstrategy.com.

Cho, W., Kwon, Y., Jeong, K. S., & Yang, J. (2023). Survival Characteristics of Food and Beverage Businesses in A Gentrified Commercial Area-A case study in Seoul, Korea. Heliyon, 9(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21514

Creswell, J. W., & David Creswell, J. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches.

Creswell, W, J. (2014). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixes Methods Approaches. In SAGE Publications, Inc.: 4th edition.

Daryanti, D., & Badrussaman, A. (2025). Minat Berwirausaha, Dipengaruhi Bandwagon Effect, Viral Marketing Dan Media Sosial Sebagai Variabel Moderasi: Studi UMKM Coffee Shop di Makassar. Jurnal Economic Resource, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.57178/jer.v8i1.1858

Frechette, J., Bitzas, V., Aubry, M., Kilpatrick, K., & Lavoie-Tremblay, M. (2020). Capturing Lived Experience: Methodological Considerations for Interpretive Phenomenological Inquiry. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406920907254

Haryanto, Harisah, A., Sampebulu, V., & Wikantari, R. (2020). Coffee Shop Timeline as a Public Space in Makassar City. https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200214.015

Kirillova, K. (2018). Phenomenology for Hospitality: Theoretical Premises and Practical Applications. In International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management (Vol. 30, Number 11). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2017-0712

Lobubun, D. (2024). 807 Kafe di Makassar Sumbang Pendapatan Pajak Rp55 Miliar pada 2023. IDN Times Sulsel, Online Edit(—).

Mahendra, A. D., Azuz, F., & Sheyoputri, A. C. A. (2024). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Preferensi Konsumen Dalam Memilih Produk Kopi Olahan Lokal di Kota Makassar. PALLANGGA: Journal of Agriculture Science and Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.56326/pallangga.v2i2.3217

Malterud, K., Siersma, V. D., & Guassora, A. D. (2016). Sample Size in Qualitative Interview Studies: Guided by Information Power. Qualitative Health Research, 26(13). https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444

Manglo, B. S., Saleh, M. Y., & Suriani, S. (2021). Daya Tarik Promosi, Harga dan Kualitas Produk Dimediasi Preferensi Konsumen Terhadap Minat Beli Minuman Thai Tea di Kota Makassar. Indonesian Journal of Business and Management, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.35965/jbm.v4i1.1079

Mario. (2024). Coffee Shop Culture: Urban Lifestyle Transformation in the Perspective of Consumerism. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews, 1(4).

Moran, D. (2002). Introduction to Phenomenology. In Introduction to Phenomenology. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203196632

Moustakas, C. (2011). Phenomenological Research Methods. In Phenomenological research methods. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995658

Neubauer, B. E., Witkop, C. T., & Varpio, L. (2019). How Phenomenology Can Help Us Learn from the Experiences of Others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-019-0509-2

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

Putra, M. A. F. A., Hardiyanti, A. A., Rahim, F., Anwar, I, L., & Husain, F. (2025). From Heritage to Commodity: The Politics of Authenticity in Makassar’s Culinary Tourism. Journal of Studies in Academic, Humanities, Research, and Innovation, 2(2), 204–220. https://doi.org/10.71305/sahri.v2i2.913

Wardana, A, M., Masliardi, A., Afifah, N., Sajili, M., & Kusnara, H, P. (2023). Unlocking Purchase Preferences: Harnessing Psychographic Segmentation, Promotion and Location Strategies. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 713–719. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v5i3.624

Younas, A., Fàbregues, S., Durante, A., Escalante, E. L., Inayat, S., & Ali, P. (2023). Proposing the “MIRACLE” Narrative Framework for Providing Thick Description in Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069221147162

Author Biographies

Muh Al Fatah Arief Putra, Program Studi Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Author Origin : Indonesia

Andi Aryani Hardiyanti, Program Studi Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis,Universitas Negeri Makassar

Author Origin : Indonesia

Tuti Adi Tama, Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Agama Islam, Universitas Siliwangi

Author Origin : Indonesia

Risnawati, Program Studi D-3 Administrasi Bisnis, Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang

Author Origin : Indonesia

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

How to Cite

Putra, M. A. F. A., Hardiyanti, A. A., Tama, T. A., & Risnawati. (2026). Competitive Saturation in Makassar’s Coffee Shop Industry: A Phenomenological Inquiry Into Business Actors’ Experiences. Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS), 4(4), 1169–1180. https://doi.org/10.47353/ecbis.v4i4.343

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.